Interventions and Solutions

Disproportionate Representation of_Autism

Should we believe the CDC prevalence numbers

Autism Identifcation

Autism Educational-vs-Medical

CLD and ASD_tools

ASD Checklist

Tools

There are currently no additional tools listed on this topic.

Resources

Racial Disparities in the Identification of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Article 7 Eligibility Areas

Autism support

Color of Autism foundation

FAR Foundation for Autism Resources

Hands in Autism

Indiana Resource Center for Autism

Medical Diagnosis of ASD vs. Educational Diagnosis of ASD

Arnold, C. (25 May 2016). Autism’s race problem. Pacific Standard.
Available here

Nowell, K.P., Brewton, C.M., Allain, E., & Mire, S.S. (2015). The influence of demographic factors on the identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A review and call for research. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2(3), 300-309.

Harris, B., Barton, E. E., & Albert, C. (2014). Evaluating autism diagnostic and screening tools for cultural and linguistic responsiveness. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 44(6), 1275-1287.

Marks, S.U. & Kurth, J. (2013). Examination of disproportionality of autism in school-aged populations in the U.S. The Journal of the International Association of Special Education, 14(1), 9-21.

Sullivan, A. L. (2013). School-based autism identification: Prevalence, racial disparities, and systemic correlates. School Psychology Review, 42(3), 298-316.

Travers J. C., Tincani M., & Krezmien M. (2013). A multiyear national profile of racial disparity in autism identification. Journal of Special Education, 47(1), 41-49.

Travers, J., Krezmien, M. P., Mulcahy, C., & Tincani, M. (2012). Racial disparities in administrative autism identification across the United States during 2000 and 2007. The Journal of Special Education, 48(3), 155-166.

Tek, S. & Landa, R. J. (2012). Differences in autism symptoms between minority and non-minority toddlers. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(9), 1967-1973.
Available here

Morrier, M. J. & Hess, K. L. (2010). Ethnic differences in autism eligibility in the United States public schools. Journal of Special Education, 46(1), 41-63.

Becker H., Seay P., & Morrison J. (2009). Differences in the prevalence of autism among Black, Hispanic, and White students. Multicultural Learning and Teaching, 4(1), 45–57.

Mandell, David S. et al. (2009). Racial/Ethnic disparities in the identification of children with autism spectrum disorders. American Journal of Public Health, 99(3), 493-498.
Available here

Palmer R. F., Walker T., Mandell D., Bayles B., & Miller C. S. (2009). Explaining low rates of autism among Hispanic schoolchildren in Texas. American Journal of Public Health,100, 270–272.
Available here

Tincani M., Travers J. C., & Boutot A. (2009). Race, culture, and autism spectrum disorder: Understanding the role of diversity in successful educational interventions. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 34, 81–90.

Morrier, M. J., Hess, K. L., & Heflin, L. J. (2008). Ethnic disproportionality in students with autism spectrum disorders. Multicultural Education, 16(1), 31-38.

Tools

Indiana Statewide Assessment Resource Guide and Toolkit

Resources

Alternate Achievement Standards for Students with the Most Significant Cognitive Disabilities

Alternative Assessments

Indiana Standards Tools for Alternative Reporting (ISTAR)

Indiana Department of Education Project Success

Richards, S., Brady, M.P., Taylor, R.L. (2015). Cognitive and intellectual disabilities: historical perspectives, current practices, and future directions. New York: Routledge.

Jasper, A.D. & Bouck, E.C. (2013). Disproportionality among African American students at the secondary level: Examining the MID disability category. Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 48(1), 31-40.

Kleinert, H.L. & Kearns, J.F. (2010) Alternative Assessment for Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities: An Educator’s Guide. Baltimore: Brookes Publishing.

Tools

There are currently no additional tools listed on this topic.

Resources

Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders

Council for Challenging Behaviors Webinar Series

Gage, N., Gersten, R., Sugai, G., & Newman-Gonchar, R. (2013). Disproportionality of English learners with emotional and/or behavioral disorders: A comparative meta-analysis with English learners with learning disabilities. Behavioral Disorders, 38(3), 123-136.

McKenna, J. (2013). The disproportionate representation of African Americans in programs for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 57(4), 206-211.

Wiley, A.L., Brigham, F.J., Kauffman, J.M., & Bogan, J.E. (2013). Disproportionate poverty, conservatism, and the disproportionate identification of minority students with emotional and behavior disorders. Education and Treatment of Children, 36(4), 29-50.

Oelrich, N.M. (2012). A new idea: Ending racial disparity in the identification of students with emotional disturbance. South Dakota Law Review, 57, 9-41.

Tan, P., Vaiouli, P., & Ochoa, T.A. (2011). Emotional and behavioral disorders: Promoting prevention and positive interventions in school settings. Center for Evaluation Education Policy, 9(5), 1-12.

Hart, J.E., Cramer, E.D., Harry, B., Klingner, J.K., Sturges, K.M. (2009). The continuum of “troubling” to “troubled” behavior: Exploratory case studies of African American students in programs for emotional disturbance. Remedial and Special Education, 31(3), 148-162.

Hernandez, J.E., Ramanathan, A.K., Harr, J., & Socias, M. (2008). Study of the effects of an intervention to reduce the disproportionate identification in the category of emotional disturbance in the Los Angeles Unified School District. Journal of Special Education Leadership, 21(2), 64-74.

Decker, D.M., Dona, D.P., & Christenson, S.L. (2007). Behaviorally at-risk African American students: The importance of student-teacher relationships for student outcomes. Journal of School Psychology, 45(1), 83-109.

Harris-Murri, N., King, K., & Rostenberg, D. (2006). Reducing disproportionate minority representation in special education programs for students with emotional disturbances: Toward a culturally responsive response to interventional model. Education and Treatment of Children, 29(4), 779-799.

8 SLD Considerations

Exclusionary Factors Worksheet

File review Checklist

Webinar on SLD

TAS Summary with Reflection Questions

Team Accomplishment Sheet

Tools

SLD Evaluation: Linking Cognitive Assessment Data to Learning Strategies

Resources

There are currently no additional resources listed on this topic.

Blumberg Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Special Education. (2011). Considerations in Specific Learning Disability evaluation and eligibility determination. Terre Haute, IN: Effective Evaluation Resource Center.

Johnson, E. S. (2014). Identification and evaluation of learning disabilities: The school team’s guide to student success. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.

Tools

There are currently no additional tools listed on this topic.

Resources

Resources for educating children birth through 3rd grade

Reviews of early childhood curriculum

The Early Childhood Personnel Center

The Pyramid Model: Addressing Suspension and Expulsion

Preventing Suspensions and Expulsions in Early Childhood Settings

State and Local Action to Prevent Expulsion and Suspension in Early Learning Settings

Standing Together Against Suspension & Expulsion in Early Childhood

Building Blocks for Preschool Success

Discipline

Wright, B.L. & Ford, D.Y. (2016). “This Little Light of Mine”: Creating early childhood education classroom experiences for African American boys PreK-3. Journal of African American Males in Education, 7(1), 5-19.

Caldarella, P., Page, N.W., & Gunter, L. (2012). Early childhood educators’ perceptions of conscious discipline. Education, 132(3), 589-599.

Perry, D. F., Holland, C., Darling-Kuria, N., & Nadiv, S. (2011). Challenging behavior and expulsion from child care: The role of mental health consultation. Zero to Three, November, 4-11.
Available here

Gilliam, W.S. (2008, January). Implementing policies to reduce the likelihood of preschool expulsion (FCD Policy Brief, No. 7).

Gilliam, W.S. & Shahar, G. (2006). Preschool and child care expulsion and suspension: Rates and predictors in one state. Infants & Young Children, 19(3), 228-245.

Race and Bias

Derman-Sparks, L., LeeKeenan, D., & Nimmo, J. (2014). Leading anti-bias early childhood programs: A guide for change. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.

Husband, Jr., T. (2011). “I don’t see color”: Challenging assumptions about discussing race with young children. Early Childhood Education Journal, 39(6), 365-371.

Kidd, J.K., Sanchez, S.Y., & Thorp, E.K. (2008). Defining moments: Developing culturally responsive dispositions and teaching practices in early childhood preservice teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(2), 316-329.

Tools

Performance Assessments for English Language Learners

Considerations for English Language Learners

Resources

There are currently no additional resources listed on this topic.

Fletcher, T.V. & Navarrete, L.A. (2017). Learning disabilities or difference: A critical look at issues associated with the misidentification and placement of Hispanic students in special education programs. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 30(1), 30-38.

Wisconsin Center for Education Research. (2017, May). Identifying ELLs with Specific Learning Disabilities: Facts, advice, and resources for school teams. Madison, WI: WiDA.
Available here

Solano-Flores, G. (2016). Assessing English Language Learners: Theory and Practice. New York: Routledge.

Burr, E., Haas, E., & Ferriere, K. (2015, July). Identifying and supporting English learner students with learning disabilities: Key issues in the literature and state practice. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance.

Fernandez, N. & Inserra, A. (2013). Disproportionate classification of ESL students in US special education. Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language, 17(2), 1-22.

Park, Y. & Thomas, R. (2012). Educating English-language learners with special needs: Beyond cultural and linguistic considerations. Journal of Education and Practice, 3(9), 52-58.

Linn, D. & Hemmer, L. (2011). English language learner disproportionality in special education for the scholar-practitioner. Journal of Educational Research and Practice, 1(1), 70-80.
Available here

Shifrer, D., Muller, C., & Callahan, R. (2011). Disproportionality and learning disabilities: Parsing apart race, socioeconomic status, and language. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 44(3), 246-257.
Available here

Sullivan, A.L. (2011). Disproportionality in special education identification and placement of English language learners. Exceptional Children, 77(3), 317-334.

Zacarian, D. (2011). Transforming schools for English learners: A comprehensive framework for school leaders. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.

Connor, M.H. & Boskin, J. (2010). Overrepresentation of bilingual and poor children in special education: A continuing problem. Journal of Children and Poverty, 7(1), 23-32.

Zetlin, A., Beltran, D., Salcido, P., Gonzalez, T., & Reyes, T. (2010). Building a pathway of optimal support for English language learners in special education. Teacher Education and Special Education, 34(1), 59-70.

Klingner, J.K., Artiles, A.J., & Barletta, L.M. (2006). English language learners who struggle with reading: Language acquisition or LD? Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39(2), 108-128.
Available here

Rueda, R. & Windmueller, M.P. (2006). English language learners, LD, and overrepresentation. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39(2), 99-107.
Available here

Wilkinson, C.Y., Ortiz, A.A., Robertson, P.M., Kushner, M.I. (2006). English language learners with reading-related LD: Linking data from multiple sources to make eligibility determinations. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39(2), 129-141.

Artiles, A.J., Rueda, R., Salazar, J.J., & Higareda, I. (2005). Within-group diversity in minority disproportionate representation: English language learners in urban school districts. Exceptional Children, 71(3), 283-300.

Figueroa, R.A. & Newsome, P. (2006). The diagnosis of LD in English Learners. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39(3), 206-214.